Laboratory Equipment

BALANCING OF SEVERAL MASSES ROTATING IN A SINGLE PLANE BY GRAPHICAL METHOD.

TECHNICAL DETAILS

Drive Motor FHP Motor, variable speed, with speed controller.

Balancing weight : 4 Nos. of Stainless Steel with different sized eccentric mass for varying unbalance.

Rotating Shaft Material Stainless Steel

The data acquisition system can be done by interfacing the set-up with computer using software.

Software allows the user to have control on data logging, printing the

stored data, preparing spread sheets in Excel etc..

The most common types of continuous vacuum filter are the rotary drum filter. A horizontal drum with a slotted face turns at less than 2 RPM in an agitated slurry trough. A filter medium, such as canvas, covers the face of drum, which is partly submerged in the liquid. Under the slotted cylindrical face of the main drum is a second, smaller drum with a solid surface. Between the two drums are radial partitions dividing the annular space into separate compartments, each connected by an internal pipe to one hole in the rotating plate of the rotary valve Vacuum and air are alternately applied to each compartment as the drum rotates.The set-up consists of stainless steel drum moving in gunmetal brackets and is divided in 6 compartments, covered by a Stainless Steel mesh. A canvas filter is used for filtration. The whole assembly is fitted with a SS trough in which a agitator is provided. To make the unit a self-contained a slurry mixing and feed arrangement, receiver tanks, vacuum pump, control panel are provided.

The setup is designed and fabricated to study lagging phenomenon in case of pipes. It consists of three concentric pipes of small thickness as compared to diameter and are arranged concentrically, and closed with the help of two discs. Two different insulating materials fill the annuli between the cylinders. Temperature Sensors are fitted to measure the temperature of pipe walls for radial outward heat flow measurement. Inside the inner pipe, a Nichrome wire heater is placed axially. Heat input to the heater is given through a variac and measured by Digital Voltmeter and Digital Ammeter. 

Natural Draft Tray Dryer is a dryer in which moisture removal takes place by heat under natural condition. The set-up consists of an insulated Stainless Steel chamber fitted with heater. Inside the chamber a tray is attached directly to an electronic weighing balance, which is fitted on the bottom, outside the chamber. Material for drying is placed in the tray and regular loss of weight is monitored. Temperature controller fitted in the set-up maintains the required temperature in the chamber. 

This equipment is designed for carrying out the experiment for balancing a rotation mass system. The apparatus consists of a stainless steel shaft fixed in a rectangular frame. A set of four blocks with a clamping arrangement is provided. For static balancing, each block is individually clamped on shaft. For dynamic balancing, a moment polygon is drawn using relative weights and angular and axial position of blocks is determined. The block are clamped on shaft is rotated by a motor to check dynamic balance of the system. The system is provided with angular scale and is suspended with chains for dynamic balancing.

The experimental set up consists of metal bar, one end of which is heated by an electric heater while the other end of the bar projects inside the cooling water jacket. A cylindrical shell filled with insulating material surrounds the middle portion of the bar. The temperature of the bar is measured at different sections. Heat Input to the heater is given through variac. By varying the heat input rates, data can be obtained. Water at constant rate is circulated through the jacket and its flow rate and temperature rise is noted. 

The setup consists of a brass tube fitted in a rectangular duct in a vertical position. The duct is open at the top and bottom, and forms an enclosure that serves the purpose of undisturbed surrounding. One side of the duct is fitted with a transparent acrylic window for visualization. An electric heating element is kept in the vertical tube that in turns heats the tube surface. The heat is lost from the tube to the surrounding air by natural convection. The temperature of the vertical tube is measure by temperature sensors and displayed by a Digital Temperature Indicator with multi-channel switch. The heat input to the heater is measured by a Digital Ammeter and a Digital Voltmeter and is varied by a variac. The tube surface is polished to minimize the radiation losses. 

The present set-up is designed to calibrate and check the given pressure gauge (Bourdon Type).This unit consists of a precision ground plunger, which develops the required pressure by loading of weights. This pressure is transmitted to the pressure gauge by oil.

A ribbon blender consists of a horizontal trough containing a central shaft and a helical ribbon agitator. Two counteracting ribbons are mounted on the same shaft, one moving the solid slowly in one direction, the other moving it quickly in other. The ribbons may be continuous or interrupted. Mixing results from the turbulence induced by the counteracting agitators, not from mere motion of solids through the trough. Some ribbon blender operates batch wise with the solids charged and mixed until satisfactory; others mix continuously, with solids fed in one end of the trough and discharged from the other. Ribbon Blenders are effective mixers for thin pastes or for powders that do not flow radically. The whole assembly is fitted on rigid MS structure. The trough is unloaded through an opening in the bottom. The setup studies in principles of mixing and can be operated as batch wise or continuously. 

The Lab setup is used to crush different sample and material. Two heavy Smooth faced chilled metal rolls turning on parallel horizontal axes are the working elements of the roll crusher. A hopper is provided at the top for feeding the material. Particles of feed caught between the rolls are broken in compression and drop out below. The rolls turn towards each other at the same speed. They have relatively narrow faces and are larger in diameter so that they can nip moderately large lumps. Loading bolts are provided for safety. The maximum size of the product is approximately equal to gap between the rolls & it can be adjusted by loading bolts. 

This apparatus consists of a Flow channel. Channel is fabricated from transparent Toughened Glass and Stainless Steel together. The equipment is designed to study the various phenomenon of flow with the help of various types Of blocks, gates, weirs, and other many types of accessories (Optional). The channel section is transparent by which user can observe the various flow patterns of fluid in the channel and photographs can be taken. These glass panels are sealed with the stainless steel bed. This channel is floor mounted. Instrument rail is provided along the entire working length of the flume. A scale is provided along with the rail. A pointer gauge is provided to measure the depth of flow, that can move on the rail. At the inlet of the flume an inlet tank with stilling and smoothing device is provided for obtaining the excellent velocity profile in the test section. At the discharge side a gate is provided which have an adjustable height. This gate maintains the operating water levels for the flume. This flume is tilted using a jacking system which has one jack. An arrangement has been done to calculate the slop of channel. The flow channel is self-contained re-circulating unit provided with sump tank, centrifugal pump, and control valve. Water is circulated through the channel by centrifugal pump. The pump draws water from sump tank to inlet tank of flume and return back to sump after passing through the channel. 

The setup studies behavior of multi capacity process when connected in non interaction mode. It consists of supply tank, pump for water circulation, Rota meter for flow measurement, two independent process tanks with scales connected in non-interacting mode. The components are assembled on frame to form tabletop set-up.

The set up consists of a 1/2” bend and elbow, sudden expansion & sudden contraction fitting from 15 mm to 25 mm, ball valve and gate valve. Pressure tapings are provided at in let and outlet of these fitting sunder test. A differential manometer fitted in the line gives pressure loss of individual fittings. The set-up can be connected to Hydraulic Bench by flexible pipe line.

The set up consists of a ½” bend and elbow, a sudden expansion & sudden contraction fitting from 15mm to 25mm, ball valve and gate valve. Pressure tapings are provided at inlet and outlet of these fittings under test. A differential manometer fitted in the line gives pressure loss of individual fittings. Present setup is self-contained water re-circulating unit, provided with a sump tank and a centrifugal pump etc. Flow control valve and by-pass valve are fitted in water line to conduct the experiment on different flow rates. Flow rate of water is measured with the help of measuring tank and stop watch.

The process setup consists of heating tank fitted with thruster-controlled heater for on line heating of the water. Water is supplied from laboratory constant head tank and its flow can be manipulated and measured by provided Rotameter. The temperature of the heated water is sensed by RTD sensor. This measured variable through Temperature Transmitter is communicated to Digital Indicating Controller. Error is calculated and output, accordingly, is communicated to Thyristor Controlled heater to achieve the Set Point. These units along with necessary piping are supported in a well-designed housing and are fixed on base plate.The present set-up is completely computerized controlled. The Digital Indicating Controller have a facility to interface the system with computer which enables to change the PID parameters using computer. The educational software and data-logging package has been developed for unit.

Materials, that have different magnetic at tractability, may be separated by passing them through a magnetic field. Most often, magnetic separation techniques are used to remove iron, steel or magnetic iron oxide from materials low in magnetic at tractability. These devices operate in either a continuous or a cyclic manner. Continuous devices usually have a belt which moves over the lifting magnetic poles to carry the magnetize partials into a region of low or zero magnetic field, where they are released. The present set-up is of In-line lifting magnet type. The set-up consists of two belts moving separately in opposite direction at slow speed. Feed through a vibrating hopper is conveyed over first belt and allowed to pass near the second belt, which is under magnetic field. The magnetic field is generated by permanent magnet kept in a box. Magnetically inert material drops off the belt in a normal manner. Magnetic material is held on the belt, however, and finally drops off the belt as it leaves the magnetic field. Both the belts are fitted on the pullies and derived by an electric motor coupled with a reduction gearbox. 

The present set-up is a self-contained ,water re-circulating unit provided with a top tray and a sump tank. Various hydraulics experiments can be conducted on this set up. AFHP Centrifugal Pump is fitted for water circulation. Flow control valve and by-pass valve are fitted in water line to conduct the experiment on different flow rates. Flow rate of water is measured with the help of measuring tank and stopwatch. Water collected on the top tray from experimental set-up ,drains and return to sump tank.

The present set-up is designed to study a PID Controlled Flow Process in the industry. Water is pumped from the sump tank by means of a centrifugal pump to a Pneumatic Control Valve and after passing thorough the Rota meter it return back to the sump. The Differential Pressure transmitter with an Orifice meter is fitted in the water line. The flow of water in the line is sensed by the transmitter and communicated to the digital indicating controller. This measured variable is compared with the Set Point by controller and output is generated and given to I/P converter, which in turn supply the 3-15 Psig pressure to vary the opening of the Pneumatic control valve to eliminate the error observed. As the opening of pneumatic control valve varies, the flow of water in the line gets effected. This process goes on until the Set Point target is achieved. A ball valve is also provided in the water line to disturb the system and to observe the effect of disturbance. As the water returns in the sump tank again, the system operates in close circuit. Provided Rotameter enables to get the direct reading of flow of water in the line. These units along with necessary piping are supported in a well-designed housing and are fixed on base plate

Ball Mills are horizontal rotating cylindrical steel chamber of half filled with steel balls. The size reduction is accomplished by the impact of balls as they fall back after being lifted by the baffles fitted in the rotating chamber.Ball Mill is fitted on a sturdy MS frame. Charging of balls and material is done by the means of opening provided in the chamber. The chamber is turning about the horizontal axis through a reduction gearbox drive through a ½ HP variable speed motor. Drive is provided to vary the RPM. A RPM indicator with proximity switch is provided in the set-up. A revolution counter is provided to find out the number of turns. Special arrangement is done to free the Ball Mill from reduction gearbox for charging and discharging the material.